Objective: To probe into the monitoring of pathogens of hospital-acquired infection in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and influencing factors of multi-drug resistance. Methods: Medical records of patients with multi-drug resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired infection in NICU of our hospital from Dec. 2015 to Dec. 2019 were collected. The occurrence of infection was analyzed retrospectively

multivariate analysis was performed based on whether the infection was multi-drug resistance or not. Results: There were 1

207 children in NICU and 106 cases of hospital-acquired infection occurred

with an infection rate of 8.78%. Respiratory tract infection was dominated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae

with 32 strains (36.36%)

14 strains (15.91%) and 10 strains (11.36%)

respectively. The distribution of sepsis pathogens was dominated by P. aeruginosa

S. aureus and K. pneumoniae

with 10 strains (25.00%)

8 strains (20.00%) and 8 strains (20.00%)

respectively. Univariate and multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age <34 weeks

Apgar score <7

categories of antibiotics ≥3 and application duration of antibiotics ≥7 d were risk factors for multi-drug resistant bacteria infection in NICU. Conclusion: For children with hospital-acquired infection and multi-drug resistance in NICU

hospital infection monitoring and nursing intervention should be strengthened

and effective preventive measures should be taken for risk factors to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired infection and multi-drug resistant bacteria infection.